ALS Course
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Scenario one – introduction

A 21-year-old woman has been thrown from her horse at a local event. An ambulance is called and the paramedics decide to take her to hospital. During the journey she becomes increasingly drowsy.

By the time she arrives at hospital, the paramedics have inserted an oropharyngeal airway and given high-flow oxygen via a facemask. You arrive in the Emergency Department and an arterial blood gas sample has been taken.

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A picture of an oropharyngeal airway and oxygen facemask.
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References

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See chapter 15 of the ALS manual for further reading about arterial blood gas analysis.

5-step approach to ABG interpretation

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Step 1 – how is the patient?

Step 2 – is the patient hypoxaemic?

Step 3 – is the patient acidaemic or alkalaemic?

Step 4 – what happened to the PaCO2?

Step 5 – what has happened to the base excess or bicarbonate?

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